| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/100-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | Gremlin-1, Cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1, Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein, Grem1, Cktsf1b1, Drm |
| Entrez GeneID | 23892 |
| WB Predicted band size | 20.7kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Immunogen | This GREMLIN antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 147-175 amino acids from the C-terminal region of mouse GREMLIN. |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide. |
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以下是关于GREMLIN抗体的模拟参考文献示例(部分为虚构文献，仅作格式参考)：
1. **文献名称**：*Gremlin1 monoclonal antibody inhibits tumor growth in epithelial cancers by targeting BMP signaling*
**作者**：Sanchez-Navarro, A. et al.
**摘要**：研究开发了一种靶向GREMLIN1的单克隆抗体，验证其在抑制BMP信号通路异常激活中的作用，并证明其通过阻断肿瘤微环境中的EMT(上皮-间质转化)抑制乳腺癌和肺癌的进展。
2. **文献名称**：*Therapeutic targeting of Gremlin-1 in fibrotic diseases using neutralizing antibodies*
**作者**：Gupta, R. et al.
**摘要**：报道了一种中和抗体对GREMLIN1的抑制作用，显示其在肺纤维化和肝纤维化模型中通过拮抗TGF-β/BMP信号通路交叉调控，显著减轻胶原沉积和器官功能损伤。
3. **文献名称**：*Gremlin-1 as a biomarker in diabetic nephropathy: Development of a high-affinity antibody for clinical detection*
**作者**：Zhang, Y. et al.
**摘要**：开发了一种高特异性GREMLIN1抗体用于ELISA检测，发现其在糖尿病肾病患者血清中表达显著升高，提示其作为疾病进展的生物标志物潜力。
4. **文献名称**：*Structural characterization of Gremlin-antibody complexes for rational drug design*
**作者**：Mariani, S. et al.
**摘要**：通过冷冻电镜解析GREMLIN蛋白与单克隆抗体的复合物结构，揭示了抗体结合表位，为基于结构的抗纤维化药物优化提供依据。
**注意**：以上文献为模拟示例，实际研究需通过PubMed、Google Scholar等平台检索真实文献(关键词：Gremlin antibody, Gremlin1 therapeutic, BMP antagonist)。
Gremlin antibodies target the Gremlin1 protein (also known as GREM1), a member of the DAN family of secreted glycoproteins. Gremlin1 functions as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist, playing critical roles in embryonic development, organogenesis, and tissue homeostasis by modulating BMP-mediated signaling pathways. Dysregulation of Gremlin1 has been implicated in pathological conditions, including cancer, fibrosis, and chronic kidney disease. Its overexpression disrupts BMP/Smad signaling, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibrosis, and angiogenesis, which are hallmarks of tumor progression and fibrotic disorders.
In cancer, Gremlin1 is often upregulated in tumor stromal cells or cancer cells themselves, contributing to tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. In fibrotic diseases, it exacerbates extracellular matrix deposition by activating fibroblasts. Gremlin antibodies, including monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments, have been developed to neutralize its activity. These antibodies aim to restore BMP signaling balance, inhibit pathological processes like EMT or fibrosis, and improve therapeutic outcomes. Preclinical studies highlight their potential in reducing tumor burden or slowing fibrosis progression. Challenges remain in optimizing specificity, delivery, and minimizing off-target effects. Research continues to explore their diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly in diseases where Gremlin1 is a key mediator.
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