Mouse Monoclonal S100B Antibody

The S100B antibody is a crucial tool in neuroscience and oncology research, targeting the S100B protein—a calcium-binding protein belonging to the S100 family. Primarily expressed in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS), S100B plays roles in regulating intracellular calcium, cell proliferation, and inflammation. It is also overexpressed in melanoma and gliomas. The antibody enables detection of S100B in tissues or fluids, serving as a biomarker for CNS injuries (e.g., traumatic brain injury, stroke) and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s. Elevated serum S100B correlates with blood-brain barrier disruption. In cancer, it aids melanoma diagnosis and prognosis due to its high specificity in tumor cells. However, its dual role as a neuroprotective agent at low levels and a neurotoxic factor at high concentrations complicates interpretation. Research applications include immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA. Commercial S100B antibodies are typically monoclonal or polyclonal, validated for specificity against the protein’s β-subunit (distinct from S100A isoforms). Recent studies explore its extracellular signaling via RAGE receptors, linking it to chronic inflammation and therapeutic targeting.