Mouse Monoclonal CD109 Antibody

CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the complement regulator gene family. Initially identified as a platelet antigen, CD109 is expressed on endothelial cells, activated T cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and certain cancer cells. It regulates TGF-β signaling by interacting with TGF-β receptor I, promoting receptor internalization and modulating Smad-dependent pathways. CD109 also participates in angiogenesis, cell migration, and immune response regulation. Antibodies targeting CD109 are widely used in research to investigate its role in cancers (e.g., squamous cell carcinoma, glioblastoma), inflammatory diseases, and stem cell biology. These antibodies enable detection of CD109 expression via flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Recent studies highlight CD109 as a potential biomarker for tumor progression and therapeutic targeting due to its overexpression in aggressive cancers. Its dual presence in membrane-bound and soluble forms (via GPI cleavage) adds complexity to functional studies, necessitating antibody validation for specific isoforms. Commercial CD109 antibodies are typically raised against extracellular domains, with applications spanning basic research and clinical diagnostics. Ongoing research explores its crosstalk with signaling pathways like STAT3 and EGFR, emphasizing its multifaceted role in disease mechanisms.