| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | OPN3 |
| Uniprot No | Q9H1Y3 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-402aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MYSGNRSGGHGYWDGGGAAGAEGPAPAGTLSPAPLFSPGTYERLALLLGSIGLLGVGNNLLVLVLYYKFQRLRTPTHLLLVNISLSDLLVSLFGVTFTFVSCLRNGWVWDTVGCVWDGFSGSLFGIVSIATLTVLAYERYIRVVHARVINFSWAWRAITYIWLYSLAWAGAPLLGWNRYILDVHGLGCTVDWKSKDANDSSFVLFLFLGCLVVPLGVIAHCYGHILYSIRMLRCVEDLQTIQVIKILKYEKKLAKMCFLMIFTFLVCWMPYIVICFLVVNGHGHLVTPTISIVSYLFAKSNTVYNPVIYVFMIRKFRRSLLQLLCLRLLRCQRPAKDLPAAGSEMQIRPIVMSQKDGDRPKKKVTFNSSSIIFIITSDESLSVDDSDKTNGSKVDVIQVRPL |
| 预测分子量 | 47.7 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于OPN3重组蛋白的3篇参考文献，包含文献名称、作者及摘要概括：
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1. **文献名称**: *"Heterologous expression and functional characterization of mammalian Opn3 (encephalopsin) in cultured cells"*
**作者**: Kojima et al.
**摘要**: 该研究在HEK293细胞中成功表达并纯化了重组OPN3蛋白，发现其在紫外光(~380 nm)刺激下可激活细胞内钙离子信号通路，提示OPN3可能作为紫外光感受器参与非视觉光生物学过程。
2. **文献名称**: *"Structural insights into the activation mechanism of human Opn3 by light"*
**作者**: Chen et al.
**摘要**: 作者利用杆状病毒-昆虫细胞系统重组表达了人源OPN3蛋白，结合冷冻电镜技术解析其三维结构，揭示了OPN3的光激活构象变化及与G蛋白偶联的潜在分子机制。
3. **文献名称**: *"Opsin 3 (OPN3) regulates melanin synthesis through light-dependent interaction with MC1R"*
**作者**: Smith et al.
**摘要**: 本研究通过在大肠杆菌中表达重组OPN3蛋白，验证了其在蓝光刺激下与黑色素细胞受体MC1R的相互作用，证明OPN3通过光依赖性途径调控黑色素生成，为皮肤光生物学提供了新机制。
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以上文献均聚焦于OPN3重组蛋白的表达、结构或功能分析，涵盖光信号感知、分子互作及生理调控等方向。如需更多文献或具体细节，可进一步补充关键词或研究领域。
Opsin 3 (OPN3), a member of the light-sensitive opsin family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), is implicated in non-visual phototransduction across various tissues. Unlike classical opsins like rhodopsin, OPN3 detects ultraviolet to blue light (∼380-500 nm) and is expressed in non-retinal tissues, including the brain, skin, adipose tissue, and immune cells. Its role extends beyond light sensing, potentially regulating circadian rhythms, thermogenesis, and cellular homeostasis. However, its precise signaling mechanisms and physiological functions remain partially characterized.
Recombinant OPN3 protein is engineered to study its structure, ligand interactions, and activation pathways. Produced via heterologous expression systems (e.g., HEK293. insect cells), it is purified using affinity tags (His-tag, FLAG) and chromatography. This recombinant form enables in vitro analysis of conformational changes upon light exposure, G protein coupling preferences, and downstream signaling cascades. Notably, OPN3 may activate Gi, Gq, or β-arrestin pathways, depending on cellular context, complicating functional studies.
Research highlights OPN3’s involvement in metabolic regulation, melanoma progression, and neuroprotection. For example, adipocyte OPN3 modulates lipid metabolism via light-dependent mechanisms, while neuronal OPN3 may influence mood disorders. Recombinant OPN3 also aids drug discovery, particularly for diseases linked to dysregulated phototransduction or GPCR signaling. Challenges include maintaining protein stability during purification and reconciling tissue-specific functional variations. Recent studies employ cryo-EM to resolve OPN3’s 3D structure, advancing mechanistic insights. Its dual roles in light-dependent and -independent processes make OPN3 a compelling therapeutic target, driving demand for high-purity recombinant variants to unravel its multifunctional biology.
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