| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | E.coli |
| 靶点 | IpaD |
| Uniprot No | P18013 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-332aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MNITTLTNSISTSSFSPNNTNGSSTETVNSDIKTTTSSHPVSSLTMLNDT LHNIRTTNQALKKELSQKTLTKTSLEEIALHSSQISMDVNKSAQLLDILS RNEYPINKDARELLHSAPKEAELDGDQMISHRELWAKIANSINDINEQYL KVYEHAVSSYTQMYQDFSAVLSSLAGWISPGGNDGNSVKLQVNSLKKALE ELKEKYKDKPLYPANNTVSQEQANKWLTELGGTIGKVSQKNGGYVVSINM TPIDNMLKSLDNLGGNGEVVLDNAKYQAWNAGFSAEDETMKNNLQTLVQK YSNANSIFDNLVKVLSSTISSCTDTDKLFLHF |
| 预测分子量 | 57 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于IpaD重组蛋白的3篇代表性文献示例(注：文献信息为模拟生成，仅供参考)：
1. **文献名称**：*Structural and functional analysis of the Shigella type III secretion system needle tip protein IpaD*
**作者**：Epler, C.R., Dickenson, N.E., Olive, A.J., Picking, W.L., Picking, W.D.
**摘要**：本研究解析了IpaD蛋白的晶体结构，揭示了其在志贺氏菌III型分泌系统(T3SS)中的尖端复合体形成机制。通过重组表达纯化IpaD，发现其通过结合宿主细胞膜成分胆固醇调控效应蛋白分泌，为抗感染药物开发提供结构基础。
2. **文献名称**：*IpaD from Shigella flexneri: A versatile recombinant antigen for vaccine development*
**作者**：Martinez-Becerra, F.J., Kissmann, J.M., Diaz-McNair, J., et al.
**摘要**：探讨了重组IpaD蛋白作为疫苗候选分子的潜力。实验表明，重组IpaD在小鼠模型中诱导强烈的体液和细胞免疫应答，显著降低志贺氏菌感染后的肠道定植，提示其可用于多价细菌疫苗设计。
3. **文献名称**：*The role of IpaD in the regulation of T3SS translocon assembly in Shigella*
**作者**：Veenendaal, A.K., Hodgkinson, J.L., Ligterink, W., et al.
**摘要**：通过体外重组IpaD与脂质体相互作用实验，证实IpaD在宿主细胞接触后构象变化，触发T3SS分泌通道的形成，并调控效应蛋白IpaB/IpaC的膜插入，阐明其在细菌侵袭中的分子开关作用。
如需具体文献，建议通过PubMed或Web of Science搜索关键词“IpaD recombinant”或“IpaD T3SS”获取最新研究。
IpaD is a critical virulence factor produced by *Shigella* spp. and some pathogenic *Escherichia coli* strains, playing a pivotal role in bacterial invasion and host-pathogen interactions. As a component of the type III secretion system (T3SS), a needle-like apparatus used to inject effector proteins into host cells, IpaD functions as a tip complex protein. It regulates the secretion of effector proteins and acts as an environmental sensor, preventing premature release of virulence factors until the bacterium contacts host cell membranes. Structurally, IpaD forms a pentameric complex at the T3SS tip, interacting with other proteins like IpaB to mediate membrane penetration and bacterial entry.
Recombinant IpaD is engineered via cloning and expressing the *ipaD* gene in heterologous systems (e.g., *E. coli*), enabling large-scale production for research and therapeutic applications. Studies highlight its immunogenicity, making it a vaccine candidate against shigellosis, a major cause of diarrheal disease globally. Additionally, recombinant IpaD serves as a tool to investigate T3SS assembly, pathogenicity mechanisms, and host immune responses. Structural analyses using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM have revealed its conformational changes during infection, providing insights into therapeutic targeting. Its role in diagnostics, such as antibody detection in infected individuals, further underscores its biomedical relevance. Overall, IpaD exemplifies a multifunctional protein central to bacterial pathogenesis, with recombinant versions driving advances in vaccinology and antimicrobial strategies.
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