ADP-ribosylhydrolase (ADPRH), also known as ARH3. is a conserved enzyme critical for regulating post-translational protein modifications involving ADP-ribosylation. This reversible process, mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and hydrolyzed by ADPRH, plays roles in DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and cellular stress responses. Dysregulation of ADP-ribosylation is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and inflammation, making ADPRH a key research target.
Recombinant ADPRH protein, produced via heterologous expression systems like *E. coli* or mammalian cells, enables mechanistic studies and therapeutic exploration. Its production involves cloning the ADPRH gene into expression vectors, optimizing conditions for solubility and yield, and purifying the protein using affinity chromatography. Recombinant ADPRH retains enzymatic activity, allowing *in vitro* assays to study substrate specificity, interaction partners, and inhibitors.
Research using recombinant ADPRH has clarified its role in removing ADP-ribose moieties from proteins, particularly in resolving neurotoxic accumulations linked to Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. It also modulates PARP1-driven inflammation, suggesting therapeutic potential in autoimmune disorders. Structural studies of recombinant ADPRH have identified catalytic residues and guided drug design efforts to target ADP-ribosylation pathways.
Overall, recombinant ADPRH serves as a vital tool for deciphering ADP-ribosylation biology and developing precision therapies for related diseases. Its applications span basic enzymology, disease modeling, and high-throughput drug screening.
以下是3篇与ADPRS重组蛋白相关的模拟参考文献(注：文献为示例，非真实存在)：
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1. **文献名称**：*Expression and Functional Characterization of Recombinant ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADPRS) in E. coli*
**作者**：Lee, J. et al.
**摘要**：本研究成功在大肠杆菌中表达了重组ADPRS蛋白，并通过亲和层析纯化获得高纯度产物。酶活性分析表明，重组ADPRS具有催化NAD+转化为ADP-核糖聚合物的能力，为后续药物靶点研究奠定基础。
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2. **文献名称**：*Structural Insights into ADPRS Catalytic Mechanism via Crystallography*
**作者**：Zhang, R. & Patel, S.
**摘要**：通过X射线晶体学解析了重组ADPRS的三维结构，揭示了其底物结合位点及催化关键氨基酸残基。该研究阐明了ADPRS在DNA损伤修复中的分子机制，为设计特异性抑制剂提供依据。
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3. **文献名称**：*ADPRS Recombinant Protein Enhances Cellular Resistance to Oxidative Stress*
**作者**：Gomez, M.A. et al.
**摘要**：利用哺乳动物细胞表达系统制备重组ADPRS，实验证明其过表达显著提升细胞对氧化应激的耐受性，机制可能与PARP信号通路调控相关，提示其在治疗退行性疾病中的潜在价值。
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如需真实文献，建议通过PubMed或Web of Science检索关键词：**"ADP-ribosyltransferase recombinant"** 或 **"recombinant CD38/ADPR cyclase"**。
ADPRS (ADP-ribosyltransferase) recombinant proteins are engineered versions of enzymes involved in the transfer of ADP-ribose moieties to target molecules, a post-translational modification critical for numerous cellular processes. These proteins are derived from genes encoding ADP-ribosyltransferases, which are part of the larger PARP (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase) family. ADP-ribosylation regulates DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, apoptosis, and immune responses, making these enzymes essential for maintaining genomic stability and cellular homeostasis.
The development of recombinant ADPRS proteins leverages genetic engineering to express and purify these enzymes in heterologous systems, such as *E. coli* or mammalian cell cultures. This approach ensures high yield, purity, and activity, enabling detailed biochemical and structural studies. Recombinant ADPRS proteins are pivotal in dissecting mechanisms of ADP-ribosylation, identifying substrate specificity, and exploring interactions with partner proteins. They also serve as tools for screening inhibitors, which have therapeutic potential in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation.
Interest in ADPRS has surged due to their roles in DNA damage response pathways. For example, PARP1. a well-studied member, is a target for anticancer drugs that exploit synthetic lethality in BRCA-deficient tumors. Recombinant forms allow researchers to study enzyme kinetics, catalytic domains, and the impact of mutations on function. Additionally, atypical ADP-ribosyltransferases, such as ARTCs and ARTHs, are investigated for their involvement in bacterial toxicity and cell signaling.
Overall, ADPRS recombinant proteins bridge basic research and clinical applications, offering insights into disease mechanisms and accelerating drug discovery. Their versatility underscores their importance in both academic and industrial settings.
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