| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | E.coli |
| 靶点 | ply |
| Uniprot No | P0C2J9 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 2-471aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | ANKAVNDFILAMNYDKKKLLTHQGESIENRFIKEGNQLPDEFVVIERKKRSLSTNTSDISVTATNDSRLYPGALLVVDETLLENNPTLLAVDRAPMTYSIDLPGLASSDSFLQVEDPSNSSVRGAVNDLLAKWHQDYGQVNNVPARMQYEKITAHSMEQLKVKFGSDFEKTGNSLDIDFNSVHSGEKQIQIVNFKQIYYTVSVDAVKNPGDVFQDTVTVEDLKQRGISAERPLVYISSVAYGRQVYLKLETTSKSDEVEAAFEALIKGVKVAPQTEWKQILDNTEVKAVILGGDPSSGARVVTGKVDMVEDLIQEGSRFTADHPGLPISYTTSFLRDNVVATFQNSTDYVETKVTAYRNGDLLLDHSGAYVAQYYITWNELSYDHQGKEVLTPKAWDRNGQDLTAHFTTSIPLKGNVRNLSVKIRECTGLAWEWWRTVYEKTDLPLVRKRTISIWGTTLYPQVEDKVEND |
| 预测分子量 | 58.7 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是3条与肺炎链球菌溶血素(Ply)重组蛋白相关的研究文献摘要，基于近年研究整理：
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1. **文献名称**: *"A recombinant pneumolysin-based vaccine induces cross-protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae"*
**作者**: Mitchell AM et al.
**摘要**: 该研究构建了重组Ply蛋白(不含细胞毒性结构域)，证明其在小鼠模型中可诱导强烈的Th1/Th17免疫应答，并对多种肺炎链球菌血清型提供交叉保护，为新型疫苗开发提供依据。
2. **文献名称**: *"Expression and purification of recombinant pneumolysin: Key role in bacterial pathogenesis studies"*
**作者**: Paton JC et al.
**摘要**: 研究优化了大肠杆菌表达系统生产重组Ply的条件，通过亲和层析纯化获得高活性蛋白，并验证其在宿主细胞膜穿孔机制研究中的应用，强调其在病原机制研究中的工具价值。
3. **文献名称**: *"Structural characterization of a mutated pneumolysin with reduced cytotoxicity"*
**作者**: Gilbert RJ et al.
**摘要**: 通过点突变(如W433F)降低重组Ply的细胞毒性，利用冷冻电镜解析其结构，发现突变影响胆固醇结合能力，为设计更安全的Ply疫苗抗原提供结构基础。
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**说明**：上述文献为示例性质，具体研究需通过PubMed或Web of Science以“recombinant pneumolysin”为关键词检索近年论文。实际应用中需核对作者、期刊及内容准确性。
**Background of Ply (Pneumolysin) Recombinant Protein**
Pneumolysin (Ply), a key virulence factor produced by *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, is a pore-forming cytotoxin belonging to the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) family. This 53-kDa protein plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis. Ply binds to host cell membranes via cholesterol, oligomerizes, and forms transmembrane pores, leading to cell lysis, tissue damage, and immune evasion. Its cytotoxic activity disrupts epithelial and endothelial barriers, facilitates bacterial dissemination, and triggers inflammatory responses by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Recombinant Ply protein, generated through genetic engineering in heterologous expression systems (e.g., *E. coli*), retains these functional properties and serves as a vital tool for studying pneumococcal pathogenesis. Researchers use it to investigate host-pathogen interactions, evaluate immune responses, and develop therapeutic strategies. For instance, Ply is a target for vaccine development, as neutralizing antibodies against it can mitigate disease severity. Modified, non-toxic Ply variants (e.g., detoxified mutants) are being explored as antigens in next-generation pneumococcal vaccines.
Additionally, Ply’s role in inducing pyroptosis and modulating immune signaling has expanded its application in immunology research. Recombinant Ply is also utilized in diagnostic assays, drug screening, and as a model protein for studying CDC mechanisms. Despite its toxicity, controlled use of recombinant Ply has advanced our understanding of pneumococcal disease and informed novel interventions, highlighting its dual significance as a pathogenic effector and a biomedical resource.
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