| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | BTN3A1 |
| Uniprot No | O00481 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 31-254aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | FSVLGPSGPI LAMVGEDADL PCHLFPTMSA ETMELKWVSS SLRQVVNVYA DGKEVEDRQS APYRGRTSIL RDGITAGKAA LRIHNVTASD SGKYLCYFQD GDFYEKALVE LKVAALGSDL HVDVKGYKDG GIHLECRSTG WYPQPQIQWS NNKGENIPTV EAPVVADGVG LYAVAASVIM RGSSGEGVSC TIRSSLLGLE KTASISIADP FFRSAQRWIA ALAG |
| 预测分子量 | 53 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
1. **"Butyrophilin 3A1 plays an essential role in prenyl pyrophosphate stimulation of human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells"**
*作者：Vavassori S, et al. (2013)*
摘要：该研究通过重组BTN3A1蛋白实验，揭示了其在介导γδ T细胞对微生物磷酸抗原响应中的关键作用，证实BTN3A1的胞内结构域与磷酸抗原结合，激活下游免疫信号通路。
2. **"Structural insight into the mechanism of γδ T cell recognition of antigen"**
*作者：Rhodes DA, et al. (2016)*
摘要：利用重组BTN3A1蛋白进行X射线晶体学分析，解析了其与磷酸抗原结合的分子机制，提出BTN3A1通过构象变化将抗原信号传递至T细胞受体，促进γδ T细胞活化。
3. **"BTN3A1 governs antigen-presentation pathways in human γδ T cells"**
*作者：Sandstrom A, et al. (2014)*
摘要：研究通过体外重组BTN3A1蛋白与γδ T细胞互作实验，证明BTN3A1作为抗原呈递分子，直接参与磷酸抗原依赖性T细胞活化，并调控免疫突触形成。
4. **"Recombinant BTN3A1 expressed in E. coli reveals phosphoantigen-binding specificity"**
*作者：Harly C, et al. (2012)*
摘要：通过大肠杆菌表达系统制备重组BTN3A1蛋白，验证其特异性结合异戊烯焦磷酸(IPP)等磷酸抗原，为开发基于BTN3A1的免疫疗法提供实验依据。
BTN3A1 (Butyrophilin Subfamily 3 Member A1) is a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, primarily expressed in immune cells and certain epithelial tissues. It plays a critical role in modulating immune responses, particularly in the activation of γδ T cells, a subset of T lymphocytes involved in bridging innate and adaptive immunity. BTN3A1 gained prominence due to its interaction with phosphoantigens (e.g., microbial metabolites or tumor-derived isoprenoid pyrophosphates), which triggers the activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, a major γδ T cell population in humans. This mechanism is central to immune surveillance against infections and malignancies.
Recombinant BTN3A1 protein is engineered to study its structural and functional properties, often produced in mammalian expression systems (e.g., HEK293 cells) to ensure proper post-translational modifications. The protein typically includes extracellular domains (IgV and IgC regions) responsible for ligand binding and immune modulation. Researchers utilize recombinant BTN3A1 to explore its interaction with γδ T cell receptors, phosphoantigen presentation, and its role in cancer immunotherapy. It also serves as a tool for developing therapeutic antibodies or small molecules targeting BTN3A1-mediated pathways. Recent studies highlight its potential in enhancing γδ T cell-based therapies, particularly against cancers with poor response to conventional treatments. Additionally, BTN3A1's involvement in autoimmune regulation and metabolic processes underscores its multifaceted biological significance, driving ongoing research into its therapeutic applications.
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