| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | MB21D1 |
| Uniprot No | Q8N884 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 161-522aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | GASKLRAVLEKLKLSRDDISTAAGMVKGVVDHLLLRLKCDSAFRGVGLLNTGSYYEHVKISAPNEFDVMFKLEVPRIQLEEYSNTRAYYFVKFKRNPKENPLSQFLEGEILSASKMLSKFRKIIKEEINDIKDTDVIMKRKRGGSPAVTLLISEKISVDITLALESKSSWPASTQEGLRIQNWLSAKVRKQLRLKPFYLVPKHAKEGNGFQEETWRLSFSHIEKEILNNHGKSKTCCENKEEKCCRKDCLKLMKYLLEQLKERFKDKKHLDKFSSYHVKTAFFHVCTQNPQDSQWDRKDLGLCFDNCVTYFLQCLRTEKLENYFIPEFNLFSSNLIDKRSKEFLTKQIEYERNNEFPVFDEF |
| 预测分子量 | 58.3 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于MB21D1(cGAS)重组蛋白的3篇参考文献及其摘要概括：
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1. **文献名称**：*Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA*
**作者**：Sun L. et al. (2013)
**摘要**：该研究首次揭示了MB21D1(cGAS)通过催化生成环状GMP-AMP(cGAMP)作为第二信使，激活STING通路介导的Ⅰ型干扰素免疫应答。利用重组cGAS蛋白阐明了其结合DNA并催化cGAMP合成的分子机制。
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2. **文献名称**：*cGAS senses long and HMGB/TFAM-bound U-turn DNA by forming protein-DNA ladders*
**作者**：AndreevaL. et al. (2017)
**摘要**：研究通过重组MB21D1蛋白实验，证明cGAS通过形成“蛋白质-DNA阶梯”结构特异性识别长链DNA及与HMGB/TFAM蛋白结合的U型DNA构象，揭示了其区分病原体与宿主DNA的分子基础。
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3. **文献名称**：*Structural basis of STING binding with and phosphorylation by TBK1*
**作者**：Zhao B. et al. (2019)
**摘要**：该研究利用重组cGAS蛋白体外生成cGAMP，结合冷冻电镜技术解析了STING-TBK1复合物结构，阐明cGAS-STING信号通路中TBK1激酶激活干扰素调节因子的分子机制。
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**备注**：MB21D1基因编码的cGAS蛋白是先天免疫的核心分子，上述文献聚焦其重组蛋白在结构解析、信号机制及疾病关联中的关键研究。如需具体文章链接或补充文献，可进一步说明。
MB21D1. also known as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), is a critical component of the innate immune system that functions as a cytosolic DNA sensor. It plays a pivotal role in detecting microbial or aberrant self-DNA, initiating immune responses through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), cGAS catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a second messenger that activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein. This triggers downstream signaling cascades, leading to the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are essential for antiviral defense and antitumor immunity.
The recombinant MB21D1 protein is engineered through genetic cloning and expression in heterologous systems, such as *E. coli*, insect cells, or mammalian cells, to ensure proper folding and enzymatic activity. This recombinant form retains the functional domains required for DNA binding and cGAMP synthesis, enabling researchers to study its biochemical properties, interaction partners, and regulatory mechanisms in controlled settings. Its applications span structural studies (e.g., crystallography), *in vitro* enzymatic assays, and drug discovery efforts targeting the cGAS-STING pathway.
Dysregulation of cGAS activity is implicated in autoimmune disorders (e.g., Aicardi-Goutières syndrome), chronic inflammation, and cancer. Recombinant MB21D1 facilitates the development of therapeutics to modulate its activity, including inhibitors for autoimmune conditions and agonists to enhance antitumor immunity. Additionally, it serves as a tool to explore host-pathogen interactions, particularly in viral infections where pathogens evade cGAS-mediated detection. Ongoing research continues to uncover its roles in sterile inflammation, genome instability, and metabolic diseases, underscoring its broad biomedical relevance.
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