Rabbit Polyclonal GNAO1 Antibody

GNAO1 antibodies are associated with autoimmune and paraneoplastic neurological disorders, targeting the GNAO1 protein, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) alpha subunit. GNAO1 is primarily expressed in the central nervous system, where it modulates neurotransmitter signaling by coupling G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to downstream effectors. Pathogenic autoantibodies against GNAO1 are rare but have been implicated in conditions such as autoimmune encephalitis, movement disorders, and cerebellar ataxia. These antibodies may interfere with G protein signaling, leading to neuronal dysfunction. Clinically, GNAO1 antibody-associated encephalitis often presents with a combination of neuropsychiatric symptoms, seizures, and abnormal movements. Diagnosis relies on detecting antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum using cell-based assays (CBAs) or immunohistochemistry. Some cases are linked to underlying malignancies (e.g., thymoma, teratoma), suggesting a paraneoplastic origin. Treatment typically involves immunotherapy (e.g., corticosteroids, IVIG) and tumor removal if applicable. Research on GNAO1 antibodies remains limited, with ongoing studies aiming to clarify their pathogenic mechanisms and clinical relevance. Early recognition and intervention are critical to improving outcomes in affected patients.