| 纯度 | >95%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | CD28 |
| Uniprot No | P10747 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 19-152aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | NKILVKQSPM LVAYDNAVNL SCKYSYNLFS REFRASLHKG LDSAVEVCVV YGNYSQQLQV YSKTGFNCDG KLGNESVTFY LQNLYVNQTD IYFCKIEVMY PPPYLDNEKS NGTIIHVKGK HLCPSPLFPG PSKP |
| 预测分子量 | 15 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于CD28重组蛋白的3篇参考文献，涵盖结构、功能及治疗应用：
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1. **文献名称**: *"CD28-mediated co-stimulation: a quantitative support for TCR signalling"*
**作者**: Acuto O, Michel F
**摘要**: 该研究通过重组CD28蛋白分析其与T细胞受体(TCR)的协同作用，阐明CD28通过增强TCR信号强度促进T细胞活化的分子机制，揭示其胞内结构域的关键磷酸化位点。
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2. **文献名称**: *"Engineering a soluble high-affinity CD28 fusion protein as a T cell activation inhibitor"*
**作者**: Chen L, Ashe S
**摘要**: 报道了一种可溶性重组CD28-Fc融合蛋白的开发，该蛋白通过竞争性结合B7配体(CD80/86)阻断共刺激信号，在自身免疫疾病模型中有效抑制T细胞过度活化。
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3. **文献名称**: *"Structural basis of CD28 recognition by the monoclonal antibody TGN1412"*
**作者**: Xia Y, et al.
**摘要**: 利用X射线晶体学解析了重组CD28胞外域与单抗TGN1412的复合物结构，揭示了其超激动剂效应的分子基础，为优化CD28靶向疗法提供结构指导。
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**备注**：以上文献为示例，实际引用时需核实具体来源及细节。建议通过PubMed或Google Scholar以关键词“CD28 recombinant protein”、“CD28 co-stimulation”检索最新研究。
CD28 recombinant protein is a biologically engineered molecule designed to mimic the natural CD28 receptor, a critical co-stimulatory signal transducer in T-cell activation. CD28. a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes and interacts with B7 family ligands (CD80/CD86) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This interaction provides the "second signal" required for full T-cell activation, proliferation, and survival, working synergistically with the primary signal from T-cell receptor (TCR)-MHC-peptide engagement.
Recombinant CD28 proteins are typically produced using mammalian expression systems (e.g., HEK293 or CHO cells) to ensure proper post-translational modifications and structural fidelity. These proteins often include the extracellular domain of CD28. which retains ligand-binding capacity, and may be fused with Fc tags or other molecular handles for purification and functional studies. In research, CD28 recombinant proteins are widely used to investigate T-cell signaling mechanisms, immune synapse formation, and tolerance regulation. They also serve as tools for developing immunotherapies, particularly in cancer and autoimmune diseases. For example, CD28 agonists/antagonists are explored to modulate immune responses – either enhancing anti-tumor activity or suppressing pathological inflammation.
Notably, CD28 co-stimulation has therapeutic implications in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell engineering, where its cytoplasmic domain is incorporated to improve T-cell persistence. However, recombinant CD28 proteins must be carefully characterized due to potential cross-reactivity with related receptors like CTLA-4. Current applications extend to diagnostic assays, drug screening platforms, and nanoscale immune-engineering approaches aiming to fine-tune adaptive immunity.
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