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| 纯度 | >95%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | IL-21 |
| Uniprot No | Q9HBE4 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 32-162aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MQDRHMIRMR QLIDIVDQLK NYVNDLVPEF LPAPEDVETN CEWSAFSCFQ KAQLKSANTG NNERIINVSI KKLKRKPPST NAGRRQKHRL TCPSCDSYEK KPPKEFLERF KSLLQKMIHQ HLSSRTHGSE DS |
| 预测分子量 | 17 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于IL-21重组蛋白的3篇代表性文献示例(内容为示例，实际引用请核对原文)：
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1. **文献名称**: *IL-21 enhances antitumor immunity through the activation of CD8+ T cells and NK cells*
**作者**: Hashimoto M., et al.
**摘要**: 研究证明重组IL-21蛋白可显著增强CD8+ T细胞和NK细胞的活性，在黑色素瘤小鼠模型中与抗PD-1抗体联用可提高肿瘤抑制率，提示其作为癌症免疫治疗联合用药的潜力。
2. **文献名称**: *Structural characterization of recombinant human IL-21 and its receptor binding mechanism*
**作者**: Bleackley R.C., et al.
**摘要**: 通过X射线晶体学解析了重组人IL-21的三维结构，揭示了其与IL-21受体α链的结合表位，为设计靶向IL-21信号通路的新型药物提供了结构基础。
3. **文献名称**: *IL-21 as a vaccine adjuvant promotes long-term humoral immunity against HPV*
**作者**: Santana-Díaz I., et al.
**摘要**: 在HPV疫苗模型中，重组IL-21作为佐剂可显著提高抗原特异性抗体滴度并延长记忆B细胞存活时间，表明其在增强疫苗效果中的应用价值。
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**注意**：以上文献信息为示例，建议通过PubMed、Google Scholar等平台以关键词“IL-21 recombinant protein”或“IL-21 immunotherapy”检索真实文献并核对作者及摘要细节。
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the common γ-chain cytokine family, first identified in the early 2000s. Produced primarily by activated CD4+ T cells, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells, it plays a critical role in modulating immune responses. IL-21 exerts its effects by binding to a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and the common γ-chain (γc), shared with cytokines like IL-2. IL-4. and IL-7. This interaction triggers JAK-STAT, MAPK, and PI3K signaling pathways, influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Recombinant IL-21 protein is engineered using genetic recombination techniques, typically expressed in mammalian cell systems (e.g., CHO or HEK293 cells) to ensure proper folding and post-translational modifications. Its structure features a four-α-helix bundle typical of cytokines, with a molecular weight of approximately 15-17 kDa. Research highlights its dual role in immunity: it enhances cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells, promotes B cell differentiation into plasma cells, and regulates immunoglobulin production. Conversely, it can suppress immune responses by inducing regulatory T cells or apoptosis in overactivated lymphocytes.
Clinically, recombinant IL-21 has been explored as an immunotherapeutic agent in cancer (melanoma, renal cell carcinoma), viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. Early-phase trials demonstrated its potential to boost antitumor immunity but also revealed challenges, including dose-limiting toxicities and transient efficacy. Current studies focus on optimizing delivery methods, combination therapies (e.g., with checkpoint inhibitors), and engineered variants to improve stability and targeting. Despite hurdles, IL-21 remains a promising tool for understanding immune regulation and developing tailored treatments.
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