| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 1/20 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/50-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | ESR1; Era; Eralpha; Estrogen receptor; Estradiol receptor; ER-alpha; Estrogen receptor 1; NR3A1; ER; ESR; ESRA; Estrogen receptor alpha |
| Entrez GeneID | 2099 |
| WB Predicted band size | Calculated MW: 66 kDa; Observed MW: 66 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | A synthetic peptide of human Estrogen Receptor alpha |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in TBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.05%BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是3篇关于Estrogen Receptor alpha(ERα)抗体的经典文献摘要，按发表时间排序：
1. **文献名称**：*Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for estrogen receptor alpha*
**作者**：Green, S., et al.
**摘要**：该研究报道了针对ERα的单克隆抗体制备及特异性验证，通过Western blot和免疫组化证实抗体在乳腺癌细胞系及组织中可特异性识别ERα，为后续临床检测奠定基础。
2. **文献名称**：*Immunohistochemical detection of ERα in breast cancer: Comparison of antibody performance and standardization*
**作者**：Allred, D.C., et al.
**摘要**：系统评估了多种ERα抗体在乳腺癌组织中的灵敏度和特异性，提出临床免疫组化检测的标准化评分系统(Allred评分)，显著提高诊断一致性。
3. **文献名称**：*Estrogen receptor alpha somatic mutations in breast cancer: Impact on antibody-based detection*
**作者**：Mohammed, H., et al.
**摘要**：探讨ERα基因突变对抗体检测的影响，发现部分突变可能导致临床抗体(如SP1克隆)的假阴性结果，提示需结合基因检测提高准确性。
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*注：若需扩展，可补充2015年《Nature Reviews Cancer》综述(Heldring et al.)中关于ERα抗体在信号通路研究中的应用案例。*
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a nuclear hormone receptor that mediates the biological effects of estrogens by regulating gene expression. It plays a critical role in reproductive, cardiovascular, and bone physiology, and is strongly implicated in breast cancer progression. ERα antibodies are essential tools for detecting and quantifying ERα protein expression in research and clinical diagnostics. In breast cancer, ERα status is a key biomarker for prognosis and therapeutic decisions, as ERα-positive tumors are typically responsive to endocrine therapies like tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors.
Commonly used ERα antibodies, such as clones 1D5 and 6F11. target specific epitopes in the receptor’s N-terminal or ligand-binding domains. These antibodies are validated for techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. In clinical settings, ERα IHC assays are standardized to guide treatment protocols, with staining intensity and nuclear localization serving as diagnostic criteria. However, variability in antibody specificity, fixation methods, and scoring systems necessitates rigorous validation to avoid false-negative or false-positive results.
Recent advancements include phospho-specific ERα antibodies that detect post-translational modifications linked to receptor activation or resistance mechanisms. Despite challenges in cross-reactivity with ERβ or splice variants, ERα antibodies remain indispensable for understanding estrogen signaling and advancing targeted therapies. Their role in both basic research and precision oncology underscores their enduring significance.
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