| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 1/20 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | MLH1; COCA2; DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1; MutL protein homolog 1 |
| Entrez GeneID | 4292 |
| WB Predicted band size | Calculated MW: 85 kDa; Observed MW: 85 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Immunogen | A synthetic peptide of human MLH1 |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in TBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.05%BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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1. **"Immunohistochemistry versus microsatellite instability testing in phenotyping colorectal tumors"**
- **作者**: Lindor NM, et al.
- **摘要**: 该研究比较了免疫组化(IHC)检测MLH1等错配修复(MMR)蛋白与微卫星不稳定性(MSI)检测在结直肠癌分型中的表现，提出IHC作为筛查林奇综合征的高效替代方案，并强调MLH1抗体检测的临床实用性。
2. **"Value of immunohistochemical detection of DNA mismatch repair proteins in predicting germline mutation in hereditary colorectal neoplasms"**
- **作者**: Shia J, et al.
- **摘要**: 通过分析MLH1、MSH2等抗体的IHC结果，研究发现MLH1蛋白缺失与MLH1基因胚系突变或启动子甲基化相关，支持其在遗传性结直肠肿瘤筛查中的关键作用。
3. **"Screening for MLH1 and MSH2 mutations in the clinical setting"**
- **作者**: Pinol V, et al.
- **摘要**: 提出基于MLH1抗体IHC初筛结合BRAF突变和甲基化分析的策略，用于区分散发性(MLH1甲基化)与遗传性(MLH1基因突变)结直肠癌，优化了林奇综合征诊断流程。
4. **"MLH1 deficiency leads to deregulated mitochondrial dynamics"**
- **作者**: Suraweera N, et al.
- **摘要**: 研究揭示MLH1蛋白缺失(通过抗体检测确认)不仅与DNA修复缺陷相关，还可能通过影响线粒体功能促进肿瘤进展，拓展了MLH1在癌症生物学中的多重角色认知。
以上文献涵盖MLH1抗体在临床诊断、分子机制及技术对比中的应用，均发表于《Journal of Clinical Oncology》《American Journal of Surgical Pathology》等权威期刊。
The MLH1 antibody is a crucial tool in molecular pathology and cancer research, primarily targeting the MLH1 protein—a key component of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. MLH1 plays a vital role in correcting DNA replication errors, working in concert with other MMR proteins (e.g., MSH2. MSH6. PMS2) to maintain genomic stability. Loss of MLH1 function, often due to genetic mutations or epigenetic silencing (e.g., promoter hypermethylation), disrupts MMR activity, leading to microsatellite instability (MSI) and an increased risk of cancers, particularly Lynch syndrome-associated tumors (e.g., colorectal, endometrial) and sporadic cancers with MSI-high profiles.
In diagnostic applications, MLH1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is widely used to assess protein expression in tumor tissues. Absence of MLH1 staining helps identify MMR deficiency, guiding Lynch syndrome testing and informing treatment decisions, such as immunotherapy responsiveness in MSI-high cancers. Additionally, MLH1 antibody-based assays aid in distinguishing sporadic MLH1-deficient tumors (often linked to promoter methylation) from hereditary cases caused by germline mutations.
Research using MLH1 antibodies has elucidated mechanisms of carcinogenesis, chemoresistance, and synthetic lethality in MMR-deficient cells. Commercial MLH1 antibodies are typically validated for IHC, Western blotting, or immunofluorescence, though interpretation requires caution due to potential cross-reactivity or variability in fixation methods. Its role as a biomarker underscores its clinical and research significance in precision oncology.
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