| WB | 1/1000-1/2000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 1/20-1/50 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | IHC:1/100-1/200;IHF:1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 1/20-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | SMAC; DFNA64; DIABLO; SMAC3;;DIABLO |
| WB Predicted band size | Calculated MW: 27 kDa ; Observed MW: 21 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Immunogen | A synthesized peptide derived from human DIABLO |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.05% BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于Smac/Diablo抗体的3-4篇参考文献，包含文献名称、作者及摘要概括：
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### 1. **"Smac, a mitochondrial protein that promotes cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation by eliminating IAP inhibition"**
**作者**: Du, C., Fang, M., Li, Y., Li, L., & Wang, X.
**摘要**:
该研究首次报道了线粒体蛋白Smac(Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases)的发现，揭示了其通过结合并抑制凋亡抑制蛋白(IAPs，如XIAP)促进caspase活化的机制。研究中使用特异性Smac抗体通过Western blot验证了其在细胞凋亡过程中从线粒体释放至胞质的过程，为后续凋亡调控研究提供了关键工具。
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### 2. **"Identification of DIABLO, a mammalian protein that promotes apoptosis by binding to and antagonizing IAP proteins"**
**作者**: Verhagen, A.M., Ekert, P.G., Pakusch, M., Silke, J., Connolly, L.M., Reid, G.E., et al.
**摘要**:
该研究独立发现了与Smac同源的蛋白DIABLO(Direct IAP-Binding protein with Low pI)，并证明其通过拮抗IAPs(如c-IAP1/2)诱导凋亡。文中通过免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)和免疫荧光技术，使用DIABLO抗体证实了其与IAPs的相互作用及亚细胞定位，为凋亡信号通路研究奠定基础。
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### 3. **"Smac agonists sensitize for Apo2L/TRAIL- or anticancer drug-induced apoptosis and induce regression of malignant glioma in vivo"**
**作者**: Fulda, S., Wick, W., Weller, M., & Debatin, K.M.
**摘要**:
该研究探讨了Smac模拟物联合TRAIL(肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体)或化疗药物增强胶质瘤细胞凋亡的效果。通过Smac抗体进行Western blot分析，证实了Smac在肿瘤组织中的表达缺失与其凋亡抵抗相关，为靶向IAPs的癌症治疗策略提供了实验依据。
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### 4. **"Expression of Smac/DIABLO in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with clinical and pathological parameters"**
**作者**: Zhang, X., Li, W., Wang, H., & Zhang, R.
**摘要**:
本研究通过免疫组化(IHC)技术结合Smac/DIABLO抗体，分析了结直肠癌组织中Smac的表达水平与患者临床病理特征(如分期、分化程度及生存率)的关联。结果显示Smac低表达与肿瘤进展和不良预后显著相关，提示其作为潜在预后标志物的价值。
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以上文献涵盖了Smac/Diablo抗体的基础机制研究、药物开发应用及临床病理分析，适用于凋亡信号研究或癌症相关实验设计参考。
**Background of Smac/Diablo Antibodies**
Smac (Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases), also known as Diablo (Direct IAP-binding protein with low pI), is a mitochondrial protein that plays a critical role in apoptosis. Upon apoptotic stimuli, Smac/Diablo is released into the cytosol, where it neutralizes inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) such as XIAP, thereby promoting caspase activation and programmed cell death. Its function is tightly linked to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, making it a key focus in cancer research, particularly in understanding apoptosis resistance in tumors.
Antibodies targeting Smac/Diablo are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and interaction with IAPs. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to detect endogenous Smac/Diablo levels in cells or tissues. Researchers also employ them to investigate how Smac/Diablo release is regulated under stress conditions or during therapeutic treatments (e.g., chemotherapy or radiation). Specific antibodies can distinguish between the full-length mitochondrial form and the processed mature form, aiding in studies of its activation mechanism.
Furthermore, Smac/Diablo antibodies contribute to developing cancer therapies, such as Smac mimetics, which mimic its IAP-binding domain to sensitize resistant tumors to apoptosis. Validation of these antibodies (e.g., via knockout cell lines) ensures specificity, critical for accurate interpretation of experimental data. Overall, Smac/Diablo antibodies are vital for unraveling apoptosis-related pathways and advancing therapeutic strategies in oncology.
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