Mouse Monoclonal HLA-DRB1 Antibody

HLA-DRB1 antibodies are alloantibodies targeting the HLA-DRB1 gene product, a class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecule critical for immune regulation. HLA-DRB1 is part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 and encodes cell surface proteins that present exogenous antigens to CD4+ T-cells, initiating adaptive immune responses. These antibodies typically arise after exposure to foreign HLA-DRB1 variants through events like blood transfusions, pregnancy, or organ transplantation. In transplant medicine, preformed or de novo HLA-DRB1 antibodies are linked to antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and graft failure, as they bind donor cells, activating complement pathways and inflammatory cascades. They are also implicated in autoimmune disorders; for example, specific HLA-DRB1 alleles (e.g., *DRB1*04:01) are associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility. Detection methods include single-antigen bead assays (Luminex), which identify antibody specificity and strength. Clinically, monitoring HLA-DRB1 antibodies aids in transplant risk stratification, donor selection, and guiding desensitization therapies (e.g., plasmapheresis, IVIG). Research continues to explore their role in disease mechanisms and tolerance induction strategies.