| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | virD2 |
| Uniprot No | P18592 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-447aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MPDRAQVIIRIVPGGGTKTLQQIINQLEYLSRKGRLELQRSARHLDIPLPPDQIHELARSWVQETGTYDESQPDEERQQELTTHIIVSFPAGTSQVAAYAASREWAAEMFGSGAGGGRYNYLTAFHIDRDHPHLHVVVNRRELLGHGWLKISRRHPQLNYDALRIKMAEISLRHGIALDASRRAERGITERPITYAQYRRLEREQARQIRFEDADLEQSSPQGDHPEFSQPFDTSPFEASAGGPEDMPRPNNRQNESQVHLQEPAGVSNEAGVLVRVALETERLAQPFVSETILADDIGSGSSRVAEGRVESANRTPDIPRAATEAATHTTHDRQRRAKRPHDDDGGPSGAKRVTLEGIAVGPQANAGEQDGSSGPLVRQAGTSRPSPPTATTRASTATDSLSATAHLQQRRGVLSKRPREDDDGEPSERKRERDERSKDGRGGNRR |
| 预测分子量 | 57.0 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于VirD2重组蛋白的3篇代表性文献的简要信息(注：以下内容为示例性虚构，实际文献需通过学术数据库查询确认)：
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1. **文献名称**: *VirD2 protein of Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates nuclear import of single-stranded DNA*
**作者**: Howard, E. et al.
**摘要**: 研究揭示了VirD2蛋白通过其C端核定位信号(NLS)引导T-DNA复合体进入植物细胞核的机制，证实其在农杆菌介导的遗传转化中的关键作用。
2. **文献名称**: *The role of VirD2 endonuclease activity in T-DNA transfer to plant cells*
**作者**: Stachel, S.E. & Zambryski, P.C.
**摘要**: 本文证明VirD2具有位点特异性核酸内切酶活性，负责切割T-DNA边界序列并共价连接至单链T链，促进其从细菌向宿主细胞的转移。
3. **文献名称**: *Interaction of VirD2 with plant importin α facilitates nuclear uptake of T-complex*
**作者**: Ballas, N. & Citovsky, V.
**摘要**: 研究发现VirD2通过直接与植物细胞内的importin α蛋白结合，协助T-DNA复合体穿越核膜，为农杆菌基因递送系统提供分子互作依据。
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如需具体文献，建议通过PubMed、Google Scholar等平台以“VirD2 protein function”“T-DNA transfer mechanism”为关键词检索。
VirD2 is a critical protein derived from *Agrobacterium tumefaciens*, a soil bacterium renowned for its natural ability to transfer genetic material into plant cells. This protein plays a central role in the bacterium’s tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid-mediated infection process. During T-DNA transfer, VirD2 functions as a site-specific endonuclease, excising the T-strand (single-stranded DNA segment) from the Ti plasmid and covalently attaching itself to the 5’ end of the T-strand. This covalent linkage stabilizes the T-strand and guides its transport into the host cell nucleus via nuclear localization signals (NLS) present in VirD2. Additionally, its topoisomerase-like activity aids in integrating the T-DNA into the plant genome.
Recombinant VirD2 protein is engineered through heterologous expression systems (e.g., *E. coli* or yeast) for research and biotechnological applications. Its unique properties—particularly its nuclear targeting capability and DNA-binding proficiency—make it a valuable tool in genetic engineering. Scientists leverage recombinant VirD2 to enhance the efficiency of gene delivery systems, such as improving the precision of CRISPR-Cas9 editing or facilitating plant transformation. It is also studied for potential applications in mammalian gene therapy, where targeted DNA integration is crucial.
Current research explores modified versions of VirD2. including fusion proteins or engineered NLS motifs, to optimize its function in non-plant systems. Challenges remain in balancing its enzymatic activity with host compatibility, but its versatility continues to drive innovation in synthetic biology and genome engineering.
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