| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/200 - 1/1000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/200 - 1/1000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 1/200 - 1/400 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/10000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | ER; ESR; Era; ESRA; ESTRR; NR3A1 |
| Entrez GeneID | 2099 |
| clone | 6A6F3 |
| WB Predicted band size | 66.2kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Mouse IgG1 |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | Purified recombinant fragment of human ESR1 (AA: 2-185) expressed in E. Coli. |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide |
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以下是关于ESR1抗体的3篇代表性文献示例(文献信息为示例性概括，非真实存在)：
1. **文献名称**: "Development and Validation of a Novel ESR1 Antibody for Immunohistochemical Analysis in Breast Cancer"
**作者**: Smith A, et al.
**摘要**: 研究开发了一种高特异性ESR1抗体，用于乳腺癌组织样本的免疫组化检测。验证显示其与ERα蛋白结合稳定，灵敏度优于传统抗体，可用于临床病理分型及预后评估。
2. **文献名称**: "ESR1 Antibody-Based Liquid Biopsy for Monitoring Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer"
**作者**: Lee JH, et al.
**摘要**: 提出一种基于ESR1抗体的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)检测方法，通过血液样本量化ERα表达水平，证实其与肿瘤负荷和治疗耐药性相关，为无创监测提供新工具。
3. **文献名称**: "Structural Insights into ESR1 Antigen-Antibody Interaction for Targeted Therapy"
**作者**: Garcia R, et al.
**摘要**: 通过X射线晶体学解析ESR1抗体与受体蛋白的结合表位，揭示抗体通过阻断雌激素结合域抑制肿瘤生长，为开发靶向治疗药物提供结构生物学依据。
建议通过PubMed或Web of Science搜索关键词“ESR1 antibody”、“ERα detection”获取真实文献。近年的研究多聚焦于抗体在精准医疗、耐药机制及单细胞分析中的应用。
**Background of ESR1 Antibodies**
ESR1 (Estrogen Receptor Alpha) antibodies are essential tools for studying the estrogen receptor α, a nuclear hormone receptor encoded by the *ESR1* gene. This receptor mediates estrogen signaling, regulating gene expression involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis. In research, ESR1 antibodies are widely used to detect receptor expression in tissues, particularly in breast cancer, where ERα status guides therapeutic decisions (e.g., tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors). Common applications include immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting (WB), and immunofluorescence (IF).
Clinically, ESR1 antibodies (e.g., clones 1D5. SP1) are critical in diagnostic IHC to classify ER-positive breast cancers. Aberrant ESR1 expression or mutations (e.g., Y537S, D538G) are linked to endocrine therapy resistance, driving research into resistance mechanisms and novel therapies. Recent studies also explore ESR1's role in other cancers (e.g., ovarian, endometrial) and non-cancer pathologies.
Challenges include ensuring antibody specificity, as ESR1 shares homology with ESR2 (estrogen receptor β), and detecting low-abundance or mutant isoforms. Advances in monoclonal antibody technology and validation protocols continue to enhance reliability. Overall, ESR1 antibodies remain pivotal in both basic research and precision oncology.
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