Recombinant Human CSTB protein

**Background of CSTB Recombinant Protein**

Cystatin B (CSTB), a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors, is a small, ubiquitously expressed protein that regulates lysosomal and cytoplasmic protease activity. It primarily inhibits cathepsins, a group of proteases involved in protein degradation, apoptosis, and immune response modulation. CSTB plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, with mutations in the *CSTB* gene linked to neurodegenerative disorders, notably Unverricht-Lundborg disease (EPM1), a progressive myoclonus epilepsy characterized by seizures, ataxia, and neuronal loss.

Recombinant CSTB protein is engineered using biotechnological platforms (e.g., bacterial or mammalian expression systems) to produce purified, functional protein for research and therapeutic applications. Its production enables detailed studies into CSTB’s molecular mechanisms, including its anti-proteolytic activity, interactions with proteases, and role in preventing excessive proteolysis-associated cellular damage. Researchers utilize recombinant CSTB to investigate disease pathogenesis, particularly in EPM1 models, and explore its potential in neuroprotection or enzyme imbalance correction.

Additionally, recombinant CSTB serves as a tool for developing diagnostic assays, screening drug candidates, and understanding immune regulation, given its involvement in inflammatory pathways. Studies also highlight its relevance in cancer, where altered CSTB expression may influence tumor progression via protease modulation. Despite advances, questions remain regarding its full interactome and tissue-specific functions, driving ongoing research. The availability of recombinant CSTB thus accelerates both basic and translational studies, offering insights into therapeutic strategies for CSTB-related disorders.