Recombinant Human UCN3 protein

Urocortin 3 (UCN3), a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family, plays a critical role in modulating stress responses, energy homeostasis, and emotional regulation. Identified in the early 2000s, UCN3 selectively binds to the type 2 CRF receptor (CRFR2), distinguishing it from other family members like CRF and urocortin 1. which primarily activate CRFR1. This specificity links UCN3 to unique physiological pathways, including glucose metabolism, appetite suppression, and anxiety-related behaviors. It is expressed in discrete brain regions (e.g., hypothalamic nuclei, amygdala) and peripheral tissues (pancreas, gastrointestinal tract), suggesting both central and peripheral functions.

Recombinant UCN3 protein is engineered using genetic cloning techniques, often expressed in bacterial (e.g., E. coli) or mammalian systems to ensure proper post-translational modifications. Purification methods typically involve affinity chromatography, yielding high-purity bioactive peptides. As a research tool, recombinant UCN3 facilitates studies on CRFR2 signaling mechanisms, aiding the exploration of metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, obesity) and neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g., anxiety, depression). Its potential therapeutic applications include targeting CRFR2 to modulate stress adaptation or appetite circuits, though clinical translation remains exploratory. Challenges include optimizing stability and delivery methods, as well as elucidating its complex interplay with other CRF family peptides in disease contexts. Current research continues to unravel its dual role in stress resilience and metabolic regulation, positioning UCN3 as a promising yet understudied target in translational medicine.