Recombinant VACWR052 protein

VACWR052 is a recombinant protein derived from the vaccinia virus (VACV), a member of the *Poxviridae* family historically used in smallpox vaccines. The VACV Western Reserve (WR) strain, known for its robust replication and broad host range, serves as the genetic backbone for this protein. VACWR052 is encoded by the WR052 gene, which is conserved among orthopoxviruses and hypothesized to play roles in immune evasion or viral-host interactions. Its precise biological function remains under investigation, but studies suggest potential involvement in modulating host immune responses, such as interfering with innate signaling pathways (e.g., Toll-like receptors or interferon responses) to facilitate viral persistence.

Recombinant VACWR052 is typically expressed in heterologous systems (e.g., *E. coli* or mammalian cells) for structural and functional studies. Its production enables detailed characterization of antigenic properties, interactions with host proteins, and mechanisms underlying immune regulation. Researchers are particularly interested in its application as a tool for vaccine development, either as an immunogen to elicit targeted immune responses or as a component of vectored vaccines to deliver foreign antigens. Additionally, its role in viral pathogenesis makes it a candidate for antiviral drug design or immunotherapy strategies against poxvirus infections.

The protein’s structure, though not fully resolved, is predicted to include conserved domains typical of poxviral immunomodulators. Ongoing research aims to clarify its contribution to viral fitness and host adaptation, with implications for improving vaccine safety and understanding viral immune escape. As a recombinant product, VACWR052 bridges virology and biotechnology, offering insights into both fundamental poxvirus biology and applied biomedical innovations.