| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/50-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | CR2; C3DR; Complement receptor type 2; Cr2; Complement C3d receptor; Epstein-Barr virus receptor; EBV receptor; CD21 |
| Entrez GeneID | 1380 |
| clone | 4A2 |
| Host/Isotype | Mouse IgG1 |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Immunogen | Synthetic Peptide of CD21 |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.5%BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于CD21抗体的示例参考文献(注：内容为概括性示例，具体文献需通过学术数据库验证)：
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1. **标题**: *"Structural analysis of the CD21 antigen by X-ray crystallography"*
**作者**: Smith A, et al.
**摘要**: 本研究通过X射线晶体学解析了CD21分子的胞外结构域，揭示了其补体结合位点及与EB病毒结合的机制，为抗体设计提供结构基础。
2. **标题**: *"Anti-CD21 antibodies modulate B cell activation in autoimmune disorders"*
**作者**: Jones B, et al.
**摘要**: 探讨CD21抗体在系统性红斑狼疮模型中对B细胞信号通路的调控作用，证明其通过阻断补体C3d结合抑制异常免疫活化。
3. **标题**: *"CD21 deficiency and its clinical implications in immunodeficiency"*
**作者**: Lee C, et al.
**摘要**: 报道CD21基因缺陷患者的免疫表型，发现其与反复感染及B细胞功能异常相关，提示CD21抗体可用于诊断此类免疫缺陷。
4. **标题**: *"Targeting CD21 in B-cell malignancies using monoclonal antibodies"*
**作者**: Wang D, et al.
**摘要**: 评估抗CD21单克隆抗体在B细胞淋巴瘤中的治疗潜力，体外实验显示其可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡并增强化疗敏感性。
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建议通过PubMed或Google Scholar搜索关键词“CD21 antibody”或“anti-CD21”获取真实文献。
CD21 antibody targets the CD21 molecule, also known as complement receptor 2 (CR2), a transmembrane glycoprotein encoded by the *CR2* gene. Expressed predominantly on mature B cells, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), and some epithelial cells, CD21 functions as a receptor for complement component C3d, playing a critical role in bridging innate and adaptive immunity. It enhances B cell receptor (BCR) signaling by forming a co-receptor complex with CD19 and CD81. thereby lowering the threshold for B cell activation in response to antigens opsonized with C3d. Additionally, CD21 serves as the primary entry receptor for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which binds via its glycoprotein gp350/220.
CD21 antibodies are widely used in research and diagnostics to identify and isolate B cell subsets, study immune regulation, and investigate pathologies like B cell lymphomas or autoimmune disorders. In clinical contexts, altered CD21 expression is linked to immunodeficiencies, certain malignancies, and EBV-associated diseases. Monoclonal anti-CD21 antibodies also have therapeutic potential, such as targeting B cells in autoimmune conditions or blocking EBV infection. Structurally, CD21 contains extracellular complement control protein (CCP) domains critical for ligand interaction, and its cytoplasmic tail lacks intrinsic signaling motifs, relying instead on associated molecules for downstream signaling. Research continues to explore its regulatory roles in immune tolerance, germinal center formation, and pathogen evasion mechanisms.
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