| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 1/20-1/50 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | IHC:1/100-1/200;IHF:1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 1/20-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial; Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV; COX IV-1; COX4I1; COX4;;COX IV |
| WB Predicted band size | Calculated MW: 20 kDa ; Observed MW: 17 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Immunogen | A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.05% BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是与COXIV抗体相关的3篇文献摘要，供参考：
1. **《Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV is a marker of oxidative phosphorylation in human tumors》**
*作者：Diaz-Ruiz et al. (2011)*
**摘要**：该研究通过COXIV抗体检测多种人类肿瘤中线粒体氧化磷酸化活性，发现COXIV高表达与肿瘤代谢重编程相关，支持其作为线粒体功能标志物的应用。
2. **《Mitochondrial complex IV subunit 4 isoform 2 is essential for acute stress response》**
*作者：Lee et al. (2015)*
**摘要**：利用COXIV特异性抗体研究其亚型在应激反应中的作用，证实COXIV-2缺失会损害线粒体呼吸链功能，导致细胞能量代谢障碍。
3. **《Standardizing mitochondrial markers in western blot: Succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV as loading controls》**
*作者：Jha et al. (2016)*
**摘要**：提出COXIV抗体作为Western Blot内参的标准化方案，验证其在多种组织样本中表达稳定，适用于线粒体蛋白定量研究的标准化对照。
(注：以上内容为模拟摘要，实际文献需通过学术数据库检索确认。)
The cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX IV) antibody is a crucial tool in mitochondrial research, targeting a key component of Complex IV in the electron transport chain. COX IV, encoded by the nuclear genome, is a regulatory subunit essential for the assembly and enzymatic activity of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme in oxidative phosphorylation. This subunit exists in tissue-specific isoforms (e.g., COX IV-1 and COX IV-2), with COX IV-1 being ubiquitously expressed.
COX IV antibodies are widely used as mitochondrial loading controls in Western blotting and immunofluorescence due to their stable expression across various physiological conditions, unlike some metabolic proteins. They help validate mitochondrial enrichment in subcellular fractionation experiments and assess mitochondrial content in studies involving metabolic disorders, cancer, neurodegeneration, and aging. Both monoclonal and polyclonal variants are available, optimized for techniques including immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry.
Quality validation typically involves verifying specificity through knockdown experiments or cross-reactivity checks with other COX subunits. Researchers prioritize antibodies demonstrating clean band patterns at ~17 kDa (human) with minimal background. Its role as a "housekeeping" protein marker makes it particularly valuable in comparative studies of mitochondrial dysfunction under experimental treatments or disease states.
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