| WB | 1/1000-1/2000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 1/20-1/50 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | APC inhibitor; APOH; Apolipoprotein H; B2G1; B2GP1; B2GPI; BG;;Apolipoprotein H |
| WB Predicted band size | Calculated MW: 38 kDa ; Observed MW: 55 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Rat |
| Immunogen | A synthesized peptide derived from human Apolipoprotein H |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.05% BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于ApoH抗体(抗β2-糖蛋白I抗体)的3篇参考文献及其摘要概括：
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1. **文献名称**：*Anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome*
**作者**：Matsuura E, et al.
**摘要**：该研究揭示了抗β2-GPI抗体通过靶向β2-糖蛋白I的特定结构域(Domain I)，促进其在磷脂表面的结合，从而激活补体系统并诱发抗磷脂综合征(APS)的血栓和妊娠并发症。
2. **文献名称**：*Mechanisms of anti-β2GPI antibody-mediated thrombosis*
**作者**：de Laat B, et al.
**摘要**：通过体外实验，研究发现抗ApoH抗体通过干扰凝血调节蛋白(如膜联蛋白A5)的活性，增强血小板活化和凝血酶生成，阐明了此类抗体在血栓形成中的分子机制。
3. **文献名称**：*Association of anti-β2GPI antibodies with obstetric complications*
**作者**：Andreoli L, et al.
**摘要**：临床队列研究表明，高滴度抗β2-GPI抗体(尤其是IgG亚型)与反复流产、子痫前期等产科并发症显著相关，提示其在APS诊断及妊娠管理中的重要性。
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以上研究覆盖了ApoH抗体的结构基础、病理机制及临床意义，为理解其在自身免疫疾病中的作用提供了关键依据。
Apolipoprotein H (ApoH), also known as β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), is a plasma protein involved in lipid metabolism, coagulation, and immune regulation. ApoH antibodies, primarily targeting β2GPI, are autoantibodies associated with autoimmune disorders, particularly antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). These antibodies were first identified in the 1990s as a subset of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) that bind to β2GPI rather than phospholipids directly. Unlike transient antiphospholipid antibodies caused by infections, ApoH antibodies are pathogenic and contribute to thrombotic events, recurrent pregnancy loss, and thrombocytopenia in APS.
The exact mechanism remains debated, but ApoH antibodies are thought to disrupt anticoagulant pathways by binding to β2GPI on endothelial cells or platelets, promoting prothrombotic states. They also interfere with trophoblast function, increasing miscarriage risk. ApoH antibody testing, often via ELISA, is critical for APS diagnosis alongside lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibody assays. Emerging research links these antibodies to non-criteria APS manifestations, such as heart valve disease or cognitive impairment, and explores their role in other conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and atherosclerosis. Despite diagnostic utility, heterogeneity in antibody profiles and assay standardization challenges persist, driving ongoing studies to refine clinical correlations and therapeutic targets.
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