Mouse Monoclonal PADI4 Antibody

The PADI4 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 4) antibody is primarily used to detect the enzyme PADI4. a member of the PADI family that catalyzes the post-translational conversion of arginine residues to citrulline in proteins—a process called citrullination. PADI4 is distinct from other PADI isoforms due to its nuclear localization and involvement in epigenetic regulation, particularly through citrullination of histones (e.g., H3 and H4), which modulates chromatin structure and gene expression. It is expressed in immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, and has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, notably rheumatoid arthritis (RA), where autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPAs) are diagnostic markers. Research suggests PADI4-generated citrullinated antigens may trigger ACPA production, linking its activity to RA pathogenesis. PADI4 antibodies are essential tools in studying its role in inflammation, cancer (e.g., regulating tumor-associated genes), and autoimmune conditions. They help identify PADI4 expression in tissues or cells, assess its enzymatic activity, and explore therapeutic strategies targeting citrullination pathways. However, elevated PADI4 levels or activity may also contribute to diseases like multiple sclerosis and lupus, highlighting its dual role in immune regulation and pathology.