| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/25-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/2000-1/5000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | Mal; wyatt; BACTS1; MyD88-2 |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | Full length fusion protein |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是3篇关于TIRAP抗体的参考文献及其摘要内容概览：
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1. **文献名称**：*Role of TIRAP in the TLR4 signaling pathway*
**作者**：Horng, T., Barton, G.M., Medzhitov, R.
**摘要**：该研究阐明了TIRAP(Mal)在TLR4信号传导中的关键作用，通过使用特异性TIRAP抗体进行免疫共沉淀实验，证明其作为接头蛋白连接TLR4与下游MyD88依赖性信号通路，促进炎症因子的产生。
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2. **文献名称**：*TIRAP: An adapter molecule in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway*
**作者**：Yamamoto, M., Sato, S., Hemmi, H., et al.
**摘要**：研究利用TIRAP抗体通过Western blot和免疫荧光技术，证实TIRAP在TLR2和TLR4介导的NF-κB激活中具有差异性作用，揭示了其在先天免疫中的特异性调控机制。
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3. **文献名称**：*The adaptor protein TIRAP regulates TLR2-mediated inflammatory responses*
**作者**：Kagan, J.C., Medzhitov, R.
**摘要**：通过TIRAP抗体阻断实验，该文献证明TIRAP在TLR2信号转导中不可或缺，并发现其与磷脂酰肌醇结合的特性对细胞膜定位及下游炎症信号传递至关重要。
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如需更完整的文献信息或具体实验细节，建议通过PubMed或Google Scholar检索DOI编号进一步查阅。
**Background of TIRAP Antibody**
TIRAP (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein), also known as MYD88 adapter-like (Mal), is a key adaptor protein in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, which mediates innate immune responses to microbial pathogens. Structurally, TIRAP contains a C-terminal Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain that facilitates interactions with TLRs, particularly TLR2 and TLR4. and a phosphatidylinositol 4.5-bisphosphate (PIP2)-binding domain that anchors it to the plasma membrane. Upon pathogen recognition, TIRAP recruits MyD88. another critical adaptor, to initiate downstream signaling cascades, leading to NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
TIRAP antibodies are essential tools for studying TLR-mediated immune regulation. They enable the detection and quantification of TIRAP expression in various cell types and tissues using techniques like Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence. Research applications include elucidating mechanisms of immune evasion by pathogens, exploring autoimmune diseases linked to dysregulated TLR signaling, and investigating TIRAP's role in cancer progression or sepsis. Additionally, TIRAP knockout models and inhibitory antibodies have highlighted its potential as a therapeutic target for modulating hyperactive immune responses.
Overall, TIRAP antibodies provide critical insights into innate immunity, host-pathogen interactions, and inflammatory disorders, bridging basic research and translational applications.
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