Recombinant Human VNN1 protein

**Background of VNN1 Recombinant Protein**

VNN1 (Vanin-1) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein encoded by the *VNN1* gene, belonging to the vanin family of pantetheinase enzymes. It is widely expressed in tissues such as the liver, kidney, and intestine, and plays a pivotal role in oxidative stress response, inflammation, and cellular metabolism. VNN1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of pantetheine to produce cysteamine and pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), linking it to glutathione metabolism and the regulation of redox homeostasis.

The recombinant VNN1 protein is engineered using biotechnological platforms (e.g., mammalian, insect, or bacterial expression systems) to produce a purified, bioactive form for research and therapeutic applications. Its recombinant form retains enzymatic activity, enabling studies on its interaction with substrates, inhibitors, or signaling pathways.

VNN1 has garnered attention for its dual role in health and disease. It modulates immune responses by influencing leukocyte migration and adhesion, and its expression is upregulated during inflammation, tissue injury, or metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity. Conversely, VNN1 deficiency in models correlates with reduced oxidative damage and improved metabolic profiles, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

In drug discovery, recombinant VNN1 serves as a tool to screen inhibitors or activators targeting pantetheinase activity. It also holds promise as a biomarker for inflammatory or metabolic conditions. Ongoing research explores its involvement in gut barrier function, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring its multifaceted biological significance.