Recombinant Human IL-1β protein

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key cytokine family involved in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. The IL-1 family includes both pro-inflammatory members, such as IL-1α and IL-1β, and regulatory antagonists like IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). IL-1 signaling is mediated through binding to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R), triggering downstream pathways that influence immune cell activation, fever, and tissue repair. Dysregulation of IL-1 activity is linked to autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and metabolic disorders.

The IL-1 C-terminal recombinant protein, often referring to engineered variants or truncated forms of IL-1 family members, is designed for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, IL-1Ra (Anakinra), a recombinant version of the natural antagonist, competitively inhibits IL-1α/β binding to IL-1R, mitigating excessive inflammation. Such recombinant proteins are typically produced in bacterial or mammalian expression systems, ensuring high purity and bioactivity.

In research, IL-1 C-terminal recombinant proteins serve as tools to study IL-1 signaling mechanisms, receptor interactions, and inflammatory pathways. Therapeutically, they are explored for treating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and autoinflammatory syndromes. Additionally, modified IL-1 proteins with altered binding affinity or stability are being developed to enhance efficacy or reduce side effects.

Overall, IL-1 recombinant proteins bridge foundational immunology and clinical innovation, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments. Their versatility underscores the importance of IL-1 signaling as a therapeutic target in inflammation-related pathologies.