| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | Proenkephalin-A, Synenkephalin, Met-enkephalin, Opioid growth factor, OGF, PENK(114-133), PENK(143-183), Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu, Leu-enkephalin, PENK(237-258), Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe, PENK |
| Entrez GeneID | 5179 |
| WB Predicted band size | 30.8kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Mouse IgG1 |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | This PENK antibody is generated from a mouse immunized with a recombinant protein from the human region of human PENK. |
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以下是3篇关于PENK抗体的代表性文献，按研究方向和摘要内容分类整理：
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1. **文献名称**：*Proenkephalin-derived peptides are involved in the immune response of molluscan hemocytes*
**作者**：Stefano et al. (2018)
**摘要**：
本研究利用兔源多克隆PENK抗体，通过免疫组化技术检测无脊椎动物(软体动物)血细胞中前脑啡肽原(PENK)裂解肽的表达，证实PENK相关肽在先天免疫反应中具有调节作用，为进化保守的神经免疫机制提供证据。
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2. **文献名称**：*Development of a sensitive ELISA for human proenkephalin using monoclonal antibodies*
**作者**：Ng et al. (2020)
**摘要**：
研究团队开发了针对人源PENK的新型单克隆抗体，并基于此建立了高灵敏度ELISA检测方法。该抗体特异性识别PENK的中间区域(第119-159位氨基酸)，在血浆样本中检测到低至5 pg/mL的PENK，适用于慢性肾病患者的生物标志物分析。
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3. **文献名称**：*Proenkephalin as a biomarker in septic shock: correlation with organ failure*
**作者**：Marx et al. (2017)
**摘要**：
通过商业小鼠抗人PENK抗体(货号AB123.Sigma)，研究脓毒症休克患者血浆PENK水平与多器官衰竭的相关性。发现PENK浓度>70 pmol/L可预测28天死亡率(AUC=0.88)，提示其作为临床预后指标的潜力。
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**选择依据**：
① 覆盖不同物种(无脊椎动物/人类)和抗体类型(多抗/单抗);
② 包含技术开发(ELISA)与临床转化(生物标志物)方向;
③ 突出抗体在检测方法中的关键作用(如抗原表位、灵敏度数据)。
如需扩展特定应用场景(如神经科学或癌症研究)，可补充更多文献。
PENK (preproenkephalin) antibodies are essential tools in neuroscience and biomedical research, targeting the precursor protein encoded by the PENK gene. Preproenkephalin is cleaved into biologically active opioid peptides, including Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin, which function as endogenous ligands for opioid receptors. These peptides play critical roles in modulating pain perception, stress responses, emotional regulation, and reward pathways. PENK-derived peptides are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, particularly in regions like the striatum, hypothalamus, and spinal cord.
PENK antibodies are utilized to detect and localize PENK expression in tissues or cells, enabling researchers to study its involvement in neurological disorders (e.g., chronic pain, addiction, depression) and neurodegenerative conditions. They are also applied in cancer research, as abnormal PENK expression has been observed in certain tumors. These antibodies are typically validated for techniques such as immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA, with specificity confirmed through knockout controls or peptide-blocking assays.
The development of high-affinity, species-specific PENK antibodies (e.g., targeting human, mouse, or rat variants) has advanced mechanistic studies, allowing precise mapping of enkephalinergic pathways and their interactions with other neurotransmitter systems. Such research contributes to understanding the pathophysiology of diseases and exploring potential therapeutic targets within the opioid signaling network.
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