Rabbit Polyclonal HP Antibody

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     Anti-HP Antibody (Center) at 1:2000 dilution + Human plasma lysate Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane. Secondary Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG,  (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated at 1/10000 dilution. Predicted band size : 45 kDa Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.    

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human hepatocarcinoma tissue using  P34735 performed on the Leica® BOND RXm. Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde at room temperature,  antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a EDTA buffer (pH9. 0). Samples were incubated with primary antibody(1:500) for 1 hours at room temperature.  A undiluted biotinylated CRF Anti-Polyvalent HRP Polymer antibody was used as the secondary antibody.    

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human hepatocarcinoma tissue using  P34735 performed on the Leica® BOND RXm. Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde at room temperature,  antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a EDTA buffer (pH9. 0). Samples were incubated with primary antibody(1:500) for 1 hours at room temperature.  A undiluted biotinylated CRF Anti-Polyvalent HRP Polymer antibody was used as the secondary antibody.    

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human colon tissue using  P34735 performed on the Leica® BOND RXm. Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde at room temperature,  antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a EDTA buffer (pH9. 0). Samples were incubated with primary antibody(1:500) for 1 hours at room temperature.  A undiluted biotinylated CRF Anti-Polyvalent HRP Polymer antibody was used as the secondary antibody.    

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human hepatocarcinoma tissue using  P34735 performed on the Leica® BOND RXm. Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde at room temperature,  antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a EDTA buffer (pH9. 0). Samples were incubated with primary antibody(1:500) for 1 hours at room temperature.  A undiluted biotinylated CRF Anti-Polyvalent HRP Polymer antibody was used as the secondary antibody.    

**Background of *Helicobacter pylori* (HP) Antibodies**

*Helicobacter pylori* (HP), a Gram-negative bacterium colonizing the human gastric mucosa, is a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. HP infection triggers both innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to the production of specific antibodies, primarily IgG and IgA, detectable in serum. These antibodies serve as biomarkers for diagnosing HP infection, especially in non-invasive testing.

Serological tests for HP antibodies are widely used due to their convenience and cost-effectiveness. However, they have limitations: antibodies may persist long after infection resolution, leading to false-positive results, and they cannot distinguish between active or past infections. Thus, serology is often combined with other methods (e.g., urea breath test, stool antigen test) for accurate diagnosis.

Epidemiologically, HP infection affects over 50% of the global population, with higher prevalence in developing regions. Antibody studies also contribute to understanding host-pathogen interactions, virulence factors (e.g., CagA, VacA), and vaccine development efforts. Despite advancements, challenges remain in linking antibody profiles to disease outcomes, emphasizing the need for nuanced interpretation in clinical and research settings.