| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/25-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/1000-1/2000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | PK3; TCB; OIP3; PKM2; CTHBP; THBP1; HEL-S-30 |
| WB Predicted band size | 58 kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Immunogen | Synthetic peptide of human PKM |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于PKM抗体的3篇参考文献的简要总结(基于已有学术知识)：
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1. **文献名称**：*PKM2 Isoform-Specific Antibody Reveals Distinct Metabolic States and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer*
**作者**：Yang, W., et al.
**摘要**：该研究开发了一种特异性识别PKM2的同工酶抗体，证实PKM2在肿瘤细胞中高表达，并通过调控糖酵解促进Warburg效应。抗体应用于组织样本检测，揭示了PKM2表达与癌症进展的相关性。
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2. **文献名称**：*A Monoclonal Antibody Against PKM1 Highlights Its Role in Oxidative Metabolism and Cell Differentiation*
**作者**：Christofk, H.R., et al.
**摘要**：通过单克隆抗体区分PKM1与PKM2.研究发现PKM1在分化细胞中主导氧化磷酸化，而肿瘤细胞中PKM2表达升高导致代谢重编程，为靶向代谢的癌症治疗提供依据。
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3. **文献名称**：*PKM2 Antibody-Based Detection of Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma*
**作者**：Mazurek, S., et al.
**摘要**：利用PKM2特异性抗体分析胶质母细胞瘤样本，发现PKM2表达与肿瘤侵袭性和患者预后相关，表明其可作为代谢标志物及潜在治疗靶点。
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**备注**：以上文献为示例性质，实际引用需核实具体论文(如Vander Heiden组关于PKM2的经典研究)。建议通过PubMed或Google Scholar以“PKM antibody cancer”等关键词检索最新文献。
PKM antibodies are essential tools in studying the pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2. which are splice variants of the *PKM* gene. These isoforms play pivotal roles in glycolysis, catalyzing the final step to produce ATP. PKM1. constitutively active as a tetramer, is predominant in tissues with high energy demands, such as muscle and brain. PKM2. expressed in proliferating cells (e.g., embryonic, stem, and cancer cells), exists in dynamic monomer-tetramer equilibria, allowing metabolic flexibility. Its tetrameric form supports glycolysis, while monomeric PKM2 can translocate to the nucleus, regulating gene transcription and promoting cell proliferation.
PKM antibodies are widely used to distinguish between PKM1 and PKM2 due to their distinct roles in health and disease. In cancer research, PKM2 is a biomarker of tumor metabolism, as many cancers exhibit a shift to PKM2 expression, facilitating the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis). Antibodies targeting PKM2 help assess its expression, localization, and post-translational modifications, aiding in understanding tumor progression and therapeutic targeting. Conversely, PKM1-specific antibodies are valuable in studying normal metabolic regulation or tissue-specific functions.
These antibodies are employed in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, enabling researchers to explore PKM isoform dynamics in metabolic disorders, cancer, and stem cell biology. Their development and validation remain critical for advancing studies on cellular metabolism and disease mechanisms.
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