| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/2000-1/5000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | GRF; INN; GHRF |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | Synthetic peptide of human GHRH |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是3篇与DLD抗体相关的代表性文献摘要(内容为模拟概括)：
1. **《Anti-DLD autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis》**
- 作者：Fujimoto, M. et al.
- 摘要：研究报道了在自身免疫性肝炎患者血清中发现抗二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶(DLD)自身抗体，提示DLD可能作为自身抗原参与肝脏免疫病理过程，为疾病诊断提供了潜在生物标志物。
2. **《Mitochondrial DLD deficiency and antibody-based detection》**
- 作者：Cameron, J.M. et al.
- 摘要：通过构建DLD基因突变模型，验证了特异性抗体在检测线粒体酶DLD表达缺失中的可靠性，为遗传性代谢疾病(如DLD缺乏症)的分子诊断提供技术依据。
3. **《DLD as a novel biomarker in colorectal cancer》**
- 作者：Lucas, T. et al.
- 摘要：利用抗DLD抗体进行免疫组化分析，发现DLD在结直肠癌组织中显著高表达，且与患者预后不良相关，提示其可能成为癌症代谢重编程研究的靶点。
4. **《Autoantibody profiling in neurodegenerative diseases》**
- 作者：Johnson, R. et al.
- 摘要：通过高通量筛选发现阿尔茨海默病患者脑脊液中存在抗DLD抗体，可能与线粒体功能障碍导致的神经元氧化应激有关，为神经退行性病变机制研究提供新方向。
(注：以上为领域典型研究方向示例，实际文献需通过PubMed/Google Scholar检索确认。)
DLD (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase) antibodies target a mitochondrial enzyme critical in energy metabolism. DLD, also known as E3 component, is a flavoprotein essential for multiple dehydrogenase complexes, including the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase. It catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide, facilitating NADH production in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
DLD deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, causes metabolic disturbances such as lactic acidosis, neurological impairment, and liver dysfunction. Autoantibodies against DLD are occasionally detected in autoimmune conditions. For instance, anti-PDC antibodies in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) often cross-react with DLD due to shared epitopes within the dehydrogenase complexes.
In research, DLD antibodies are widely used to study mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic diseases, and cancer metabolism. Elevated DLD expression has been linked to tumor progression, as cancer cells rely on altered TCA cycle activity for proliferation. Commercially available antibodies enable detection of DLD in tissues or cells via techniques like Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
Overall, DLD antibodies serve dual roles: as diagnostic tools in metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases, and as research reagents to explore cellular energy regulation and disease mechanisms. Their significance spans clinical diagnostics, therapeutic target identification, and basic mitochondrial biology.
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