| WB | 1/500 - 1/2000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/200 - 1/1000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 1/50 - 1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 1/200 - 1/400 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | H2AX; H2A.X; H2A/X |
| Entrez GeneID | 3014 |
| clone | 4A2D5 |
| WB Predicted band size | 15.1kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Mouse IgG1 |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | Purified recombinant fragment of human H2AFX expressed in E. Coli. |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide |
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以下是3篇关于H2AFX(或γ-H2AX)抗体的经典文献及其摘要内容：
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1. **文献名称**：*DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139*
**作者**：Rogakou, E.P., Pilch, D.R., Orr, A.H., Ivanova, V.S., Bonner, W.M.
**摘要**：首次报道了H2AFX在DNA双链断裂(DSBs)后被磷酸化形成γ-H2AX的过程，并开发了特异性抗体用于检测。该研究揭示了γ-H2AX作为DSBs的早期分子标记，为后续DNA损伤修复研究奠定基础。
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2. **文献名称**：*Evidence for a lack of DNA double-strand break repair in human cells exposed to very low x-ray doses*
**作者**：Rothkamm, K., Löbrich, M.
**摘要**：利用γ-H2AX抗体通过免疫荧光技术，证明即使低剂量辐射(低至1 mGy)也会在人类细胞中诱导可检测的DSBs。研究表明γ-H2AX抗体可作为高灵敏工具评估DNA损伤程度。
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3. **文献名称**：*γH2AX as a biomarker of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor cell lines*
**作者**：Sedelnikova, O.A., Rogakou, E.P., Panyutin, I.G., Bonner, W.M.
**摘要**：系统评估了γ-H2AX抗体在定量检测电离辐射引起的DNA损伤中的应用，验证了其在淋巴细胞和肿瘤细胞中的可靠性，提出其作为临床辐射暴露生物标志物的潜力。
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如需具体实验步骤或应用案例，可进一步补充相关文献。
The H2AFX antibody is a crucial tool in studying the DNA damage response and genomic stability. H2AFX, a variant of histone H2A, is rapidly phosphorylated at serine 139 (forming γH2AX) near DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), a process mediated by kinases like ATM, ATR, or DNA-PK. This phosphorylation marks sites of DNA damage, recruiting repair proteins and facilitating chromatin remodeling. The γH2AX foci serve as biomarkers for DSBs, making H2AFX antibodies essential in detecting and quantifying DNA damage in cells.
Researchers use H2AFX antibodies in techniques such as immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and flow cytometry to assess genomic instability in cancer, aging, and radiation biology. These antibodies help evaluate the efficacy of DNA-damaging therapies (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy) and study mechanisms of DNA repair pathways. Specificity for the phosphorylated form (γH2AX) is critical, as it distinguishes active damage signaling from baseline H2AFX. Commercial H2AFX antibodies are typically validated across human, mouse, and rat samples, though species reactivity should be confirmed. Proper controls, like irradiated cells (positive) or phosphatase-treated samples (negative), ensure accurate interpretation. Understanding H2AFX dynamics via these antibodies advances insights into diseases linked to genomic instability and therapeutic strategies targeting DNA repair.
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