| WB | 1/500 - 1/2000 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| IHC | 咨询技术 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| ICC | 1/50 - 1/200 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| FCM | 1/200 - 1/400 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| Elisa | 1/10000 | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| Aliases | INSR; HHF5 |
| Entrez GeneID | 3643 |
| clone | 2A4H9 |
| WB Predicted band size | 156kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Mouse IgG2a |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Monkey |
| Immunogen | Purified recombinant fragment of human CD220 (AA: extra 413-624) expressed in E. Coli. |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide |
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以下是关于CD220(胰岛素受体)抗体的假设性参考文献示例(实际文献需通过学术数据库查询)：
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1. **文献名称**：*Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting CD220 Modulate Insulin Signaling in Type 2 Diabetes Models*
**作者**：Smith A, et al.
**摘要**：本研究开发了一种靶向CD220(胰岛素受体)的单克隆抗体，通过体外和糖尿病小鼠模型实验证明，该抗体能够增强胰岛素敏感性，改善糖代谢异常，为2型糖尿病治疗提供了潜在新策略。
2. **文献名称**：*CD220 Antibody Conjugates for Targeted Cancer Therapy*
**作者**：Lee C, et al.
**摘要**：文章报道了一种CD220抗体-药物偶联物(ADC)，利用肿瘤细胞表面胰岛素受体(CD220)的过表达特性，选择性递送细胞毒性药物，显著抑制了乳腺癌异种移植模型的生长。
3. **文献名称**：*Structural Characterization of a High-Affinity Anti-CD220 Antibody and Its Epitope Mapping*
**作者**：Zhang Y, et al.
**摘要**：通过X射线晶体学解析了CD220抗体与胰岛素受体的复合物结构，揭示了抗体结合表位位于受体α亚基的L1结构域，为优化抗体药物设计提供了结构基础。
4. **文献名称**：*Role of Anti-CD220 Autoantibodies in Insulin Resistance Syndromes*
**作者**：Kumar R, et al.
**摘要**：研究发现，部分胰岛素抵抗患者血清中存在抗CD220自身抗体，这些抗体通过阻断胰岛素与受体的结合导致信号通路受损，提示其在代谢疾病中的病理作用。
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**注**：以上文献为示例，实际研究需参考PubMed、Web of Science等数据库的权威论文。
CD220 antibody targets the insulin receptor (IR), a cell surface glycoprotein encoded by the INSR gene. The IR is a heterotetrameric transmembrane receptor composed of two extracellular α-subunits and two transmembrane β-subunits linked by disulfide bonds. It plays a critical role in insulin signaling, regulating glucose uptake, lipid synthesis, and cell growth. CD220 antibodies are valuable tools for studying IR expression, activation, and dysfunction in metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity, as well as in cancers where aberrant IR signaling promotes proliferation.
Monoclonal CD220 antibodies are widely used in research to detect IR isoforms (IR-A and IR-B) via techniques such as flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Some therapeutic antibodies targeting IR have been explored for cancer treatment, though challenges like off-target effects on metabolic pathways remain. Additionally, autoantibodies against IR are associated with rare conditions like type B insulin resistance syndrome.
CD220 antibodies also help elucidate mechanisms of insulin resistance, including receptor internalization defects or phosphorylation anomalies. Their specificity enables differentiation between IR and the closely related insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), aiding precision in pathway analysis. Overall, CD220 antibodies are indispensable in both basic research and clinical investigations of insulin-related pathologies.
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